Harmonic analysis of atomic vapor magnetization for in situ calibration of tri-axial time-dependent magnetic field

We introduce a methodology to calibrate in situ a set of coils generating bi- or tri-axial magnetic fields, at frequencies where a calibration performed under static conditions would be inaccurate. The coil constants are determined in a two-step procedure. Considering the presence of a static and a time-dependent field, firstly, the static one is oriented perpendicularly to the polarization plane of a time-dependent one; secondly, the polarization of the latter is made accurately circular. The methodology uses harmonic analysis of one component of the magnetization of an atomic sample whose spins adiabatically follow the time-dependent field.