Out-of-equilibrium dynamics of quantum many-body systems with long-range interactions
Abstract
Experimental progress in atomic, molecular, and optical platforms in the last decade has stimulated strong and broad interest in the quantum coherent dynamics of many long-range interacting particles. The prominent collective character of these systems enables novel non-equilibrium phenomena with no counterpart in conventional quantum systems with local interactions. Much of the theory work in this area either focussed on the impact of variable-range interaction tails on the physics of local interactions or relied on mean-field-like descriptions based on the opposite limit of all-to-all infinite-range interactions. In this Report, we present a systematic and organic review of recent advances in the field. Working with prototypical interacting quantum spin lattices without disorder, our presentation hinges upon a versatile theoretical formalism that interpolates between the few-body mean-field physics and the many-body physics of quasi-local interactions. Such a formalism allows us to connect these two regimes, providing both a formal quantitative tool and basic physical intuition. We leverage this unifying framework to review several findings of the last decade, including the peculiar non-ballistic spreading of quantum correlations, counter-intuitive slowdown of entanglement dynamics, suppression of thermalization and equilibration, anomalous scaling of defects upon traversing criticality, dynamical phase transitions, and genuinely non-equilibrium phases stabilized by periodic driving. The style of this Report is on the pedagogical side, which makes it accessible to readers without previous experience in the subject matter.
- Publication:
-
Physical Research
- Pub Date:
- June 2024
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.physrep.2024.04.005
- arXiv:
- arXiv:2307.04802
- Bibcode:
- 2024PhyR.1074....1D
- Keywords:
-
- Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases;
- Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics;
- Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons;
- Quantum Physics
- E-Print:
- Review article, 88 + 43 pages and 32 figures. Version with margin summary notes. Comments are welcome