Quantum spin ice in three-dimensional Rydberg atom arrays
Abstract
Quantum spin liquids are exotic phases of matter whose low-energy physics is described as the deconfined phase of an emergent gauge theory. With recent theory proposals and an experiment showing preliminary signs of $\mathbb{Z}_2$ topological order [G. Semeghini et al., Science 374, 1242 (2021)], Rydberg atom arrays have emerged as a promising platform to realize a quantum spin liquid. In this work, we propose a way to realize a $U(1)$ quantum spin liquid in three spatial dimensions, described by the deconfined phase of $U(1)$ gauge theory in a pyrochlore lattice Rydberg atom array. We study the ground state phase diagram of the proposed Rydberg system as a function of experimentally relevant parameters. Within our calculation, we find that by tuning the Rabi frequency, one can access both the confinement-deconfinement transition driven by a proliferation of "magnetic" monopoles and the Higgs transition driven by a proliferation of "electric" charges of the emergent gauge theory. We suggest experimental probes for distinguishing the deconfined phase from ordered phases. This work serves as a proposal to access a confinement-deconfinement transition in three spatial dimensions on a Rydberg-based quantum simulator.
- Publication:
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arXiv e-prints
- Pub Date:
- January 2023
- DOI:
- 10.48550/arXiv.2301.04657
- arXiv:
- arXiv:2301.04657
- Bibcode:
- 2023arXiv230104657S
- Keywords:
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- Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases;
- Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons;
- High Energy Physics - Lattice;
- Physics - Atomic Physics;
- Quantum Physics
- E-Print:
- 28+5 pages, 15+2 figures