Medium-induced interaction between impurities in a Bose-Einstein condensate
Abstract
We consider two heavy particles immersed in a Bose-Einstein condensate in three dimensions and compute their mutual interaction induced by excitations of the medium. For an ideal Bose gas, the induced interaction is Newtonian up to a shift in distance, which depends on the coupling strength between impurities and Bosons. For a real BEC, we find that, on short distances, the induced potential is dominated by three-body physics of a single Boson bound to the impurities, leading to an Efimov potential. At large distances of the order of the healing length, a Yukawa potential emerges instead. In particular, we find that both regimes are realized for all impurity-boson couplings and determine the corresponding crossover scales. The transition from the real to the ideal condensate at low gas parameters is investigated.
- Publication:
-
Physical Review A
- Pub Date:
- June 2023
- DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevA.107.063301
- arXiv:
- arXiv:2303.01916
- Bibcode:
- 2023PhRvA.107f3301D
- Keywords:
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- Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases
- E-Print:
- 7 pages, 5 figures