The last stronghold of Muñoa's Pampas cat (Leopardus munoai) in Argentina?

The Muñoa's Pampas cat (Leopardus munoai) is a relatively understudied species restricted to open savannas and grasslands of Southern Brazil, Uruguay and NE Argentina, that has been recently split from the broader "Pampas cat" species complex. Only three documented records of the species have been published since the year 2000 for the Argentine portion of its distribution, a situation that led to speculations regarding its conservation status in Argentina. We conducted an intensive camera-trap survey (2,067 camera-trapping stations and 15,560 camera-trapping days) to assess the presence of the Muñoa's Pampas cat in an area of 275.3 km² within the Iberá National Park and the adjacent Iberá National Reserve, Corrientes province, Argentina. Four records of Muñoa's Pampas cat were obtained, representing at least two adults and one young individual. Only one camera-trapping record of this species had been previously obtained in Argentina, during a survey carried out in 2009 in the same study area, despite an important camera-trapping effort in the Corrientes province. All camera-trap records of Muñoa's Pampas cat in Argentina are concentrated in areas of temporally flooded grasslands locally known as "Malezales", suggesting that this habitat type is critically important for the conservation of this rare felid. The Iberá National Park and the adjacent Iberá National Reserve provide the adequate framework for the conservation of an important piece of habitat for Muñoa's Pampas cat and constitute a stronghold for the species in Argentina.