Comparisons of the performances of space-weather models during geomagnetically disturbed conditions

Performance comparisons of several space-weather based magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) models are conducted during the geomagnetically disturbed conditions such as (i) July 22, 2004, (ii) March 9, 2012, (iii) March 17, 2013, (iv) March 17, 2015, (v) June 22-23, 2015 and (vi) September 7-9, 2017. The prediction capabilities of Cross Polar Cap Potentials (CPCP) are observed from the models such as (i) the Robinson et al. (2020) auroral electrodynamics model based on the Active Magnetosphere and Planetary Electrodynamics Response Experiment (AMPERE) and (ii) Space Weather Modeling Framework Block-Adaptive-Tree-Solarwind-Roe-Upwind-Scheme (SWMF BATS-R-US) (Powell et al., 1999; Tóth et al., 2005; Tóth et al., 2012) alongside data from Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) (Chisham et al., 2007). Hemispherically integrated Joule heating values are determined from (i) the AMPERE-based model, (ii) SWMF BATS-R-US, (iii) Coupled Magnetosphere Ionosphere Thermosphere Lyon-Fedder-Mobarry (CMIT/LFM-MIX) (Goodrich et al., 2004; Lyon et al., 2004; Wiltberger et al., 2004; Wang et al., 2004; Merkin and Lyon, 2010) and (iv) Open Geospace General Circulation Model (OpenGGCM) (Fuller-Rowell et al., 1996; Raeder et al., 2001). AMPERE-based model and Ovation Prime model (Newell et al., 2007; Newell et al., 2009) are used to observe the model performances for the prediction of Hemispheric Power Index (HPI) during the mentioned periods. These results help fulfill the objectives of the G1-03 group (Auroral Precipitation and High Latitude Electrodynamics (AuroraPHILE)) of International Space Weather Action Teams (ISWAT) (Robinson et al., 2019).