Metal-Organic Framework-Based Sulfur-Loaded Materials

Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) are considered promising new energy storage systems given their outstanding theoretical energy densities. Nevertheless, issues such as low electrical conductivity and severe volume expansion, along with the formation of polysulfides during cycling, restrict their practical applications. To overcome these issues, it is necessary to find suitable and effective sulfur host materials. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which are porous crystalline materials in the bourgeoning developmental stages, have demonstrated enormous potential in LSBs owing to their high porosity and tunable porous structure. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of MOF-based sulfur-loaded materials and discuss the charge/discharge mechanisms, strategies of enhancing battery performance, sulfur loading methods, and applications in LSBs. An outlook on future directions, prospects, and possible obstacles for the development of these materials is also provided.