Optimal mountain road search using multi-purpose genetic algorithm : Maximize habitat conservation, minimize risk of soil loss

The creation of roads due to the development of land transportation provided convenience to mankind, but the road is a feature that divides the country in a linear manner and has a great influence in all stages of construction and operation. If these roads are located in mountainous areas, more natural damage occurs such as damage to animal and plant habitats, disconnection of transport routes, and instability of slopes. In Korea, where 70% of the land is mountainous, planning for forest roads must take into account various impacts. However, until now, road design has been decided by considering the cost benefits of operators as the top priority or by the intuition of experts. Road design is a non-linear problem that is complex and difficult to solve because it is a non-linear problem that must consider various purposes such as accessibility of destinations and ways to reduce construction costs, while also considering environmental damage and satisfying the needs of stakeholders. In this study, among the damage caused by the construction of forest roads, we focus on the risks of 'habitat disconnection' and soil erosion due to cut soil. It suggests routes, and routes that can reduce environmental damage through comparison with existing roads. Considering that the road project has the purpose of increasing accessibility to the destination, maximizing accessibility is added to describe the four results according to the weight through the three selected objectives. The multi-purpose genetic algorithm has been used in various studies with the advantage of being able to find a solution by considering it as a multi-purpose optimization problem that can obtain a trade-off solution rather than finding a single exact solution. Utilizing this model, decision makers will be able to efficiently create scenarios according to their preferences by adjusting the weights of goals.