Constraining extra gravitational wave polarizations with Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo, and KAGRA and upper bounds from GW170817
Abstract
General metric theories of gravity in four-dimensional spacetimes can contain at most six polarization modes (two spin-0, two spin-1, and two spin-2) of gravitational waves (GWs). It has been recently shown that, using four GW noncoaligned detectors, a direct test of the spin-1 modes can be done in principle separately from the spin-0 and spin-2 modes for a GW source in particular sky positions [Hagihara et al., Phys. Rev. D 98, 064035 (2018), 10.1103/PhysRevD.98.064035]. They have found particular sky positions that satisfy a condition of killing completely the spin-0 modes in a so-called null stream which is a linear combination of the signal outputs to kill the spin-2 modes. The present paper expands the method to discuss the possibility that the spin-0 modes are not completely but effectively suppressed in the null streams to test the spin-1 modes separately from the other modes, especially with an expected network of Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo, and KAGRA. We study also the possibility that the spin-1 modes are substantially suppressed in the null streams to test the spin-0 modes separately from the other modes, though the spin-1 modes for any sky position cannot be completely killed in the null streams. We find also that the coefficient of the spin-0 modes in the null stream is significantly small for the GW170817 event, so that an upper bound can be placed on the amplitude of the spin-1 modes as <6 ×10-23.
- Publication:
-
Physical Review D
- Pub Date:
- September 2019
- DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevD.100.064010
- arXiv:
- arXiv:1904.02300
- Bibcode:
- 2019PhRvD.100f4010H
- Keywords:
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- General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology;
- Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena;
- High Energy Physics - Theory
- E-Print:
- 22 pages, 9 figures