Stability of entanglement-spectrum crossing in quench dynamics of one-dimensional gapped free-fermion systems
Abstract
In a recent work by Gong and Ueda [Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 250601 (2018), 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.250601], the classification of (1+1)-dimensional quench dynamics for the ten Altland-Zirnbauer classes is achieved, and entanglement-spectrum crossings of the time-dependent states for the topological classes (AIII, DIII, CII, BDI, and D) are discovered as a consequence of the bulk-edge correspondence. We note that their classification scheme for the (1+1)-dimensional bulk topology as well as the adoption of entanglement-spectrum crossings as a diagnosis of topological edge states focus on the limit that the spectrum of the postquench Hamiltonian is flat. When band dispersion of the postquench Hamiltonian is considered, even though the bulk topology is still stable, the entanglement-spectrum crossing at the edge might be unstable due to the fact that the band dispersion can be regarded as a "symmetry-breaking disorder" in the frequency domain. Such a symmetry-breaking disorder lowers the symmetry for the edge side, and the conventional bulk-edge correspondence could not be applied directly for the quench dynamics. We show that because of the reduction of symmetry by finite energy dispersion the gapless entanglement-spectrum crossing in the flatband limit in classes AIII, DIII, and CII is unstable and could be gapped without closing the bulk gap. The entanglement-spectrum crossing in classes BDI and D is still stable against energy dispersion. We show that the quench process for classes BDI and D can be understood as a Z2 fermion parity pump, and the entanglement-spectrum crossing for this case is protected by the conservation of fermion parity.
- Publication:
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Physical Review A
- Pub Date:
- March 2019
- DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevA.99.033621
- arXiv:
- arXiv:1810.03534
- Bibcode:
- 2019PhRvA..99c3621L
- Keywords:
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- Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons;
- Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases
- E-Print:
- 7 pages, 4 figures. Comments are welcome