Aging-Resistant Behavior and Room Temperature Electron Spin Resonance of Nd3+ in Singly and Doubly Doped BaTiO3 Ceramics Associated with Preservation History
Abstract
The (Ba0.96Nd0.04)Ti0.99O3 (BN4T) and (Ba0.96Nd0.04)(Ti0.94Ce0.05)O3 (BN4TC5) ceramics were prepared via the mixed oxide route exhibited tetragonal and pseudo-cubic structures, respectively. After they were preserved over a long period of time, a broader electron spin resonance (ESR) signal at g = 2.338 and a narrow ESR signal at g = 2.151 were detected at room temperature (RT) for BN4T and BN4TC5, respectively. They most likely originated from the Nd3+ Kramers ions in BN4T and Nd3+-Ce4+ defect complexes in BN4TC5 ceramics, respectively. The origins of these two ESR signals and the aging-resistant dielectric behavior are further discussed.
- Publication:
-
Materials
- Pub Date:
- February 2019
- DOI:
- 10.3390/ma12030451
- Bibcode:
- 2019Mate...12..451L
- Keywords:
-
- barium titanate ceramics;
- point defects;
- dielectric properties;
- aging resistant;
- electron spin resonance