Characterization of phytochemical, physicochemical, and microscopic from five selected mangrove associate leaves

This present study reports the analysis of phytochemical, physicochemical, and microscopic of selected mangrove associates leaves, namely Acacia auriculiformis, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Pandanus odoratissimus, Pometia pinnata, and Ricinus communis. Phytochemical was performed on mangrove leaves based on the developed method. Physicochemical properties of mangrove leaves were determined by simplicial powder that consists of moisture content, water-soluble, ethanol soluble, ash content and the essay extract was carried out to the standard method. Microscopic observation on the simplicial powder was done according to World Health Organization (WHO) method. Phytochemical screening of simplicial powder shows variation among the species, only saponin and triterpenoid/phytosterol were detected in all species. By contrast, the phytochemical analysis in the hexane extract alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponin, and tannin was not identified, however, only triterpenoid/steroid was observed in all species. Physicochemical properties also depict diversity among the species and significant finding on the water content was under 10% as a condition for the drug. Microscopic screening found a different type of stomata in mangrove associates leaves, H. tiliaceus and P. pinnata had paracytic stomata-type, P. odoratissimus and R. communis contained anomocytic, only A. auriculiformis was distinct type due to having two kinds of stomata: paracytic and anisocytic. The present study may provide potential biological and medicinal properties from mangrove associates leaves.