Low temperature synthesis of polyhedral hollow porous carbon with high rate capability and long-term cycling stability as Li-ion and Na-ion battery anode material
Abstract
A unique polyhedral-shaped hollow porous carbon with high specific capacity, high rate capability, and excellent cycling stability as both lithium-ion and sodium-ion battery anode material has been prepared from a Ni-ion exchanged resin at significantly low temperature (500°C). Low temperature synthesis is achieved by room temperature exposure of Ni-ion exchanged resin to hydrazine hydrate, which reduces Ni2+ to active Ni metal catalyst prior to calcination. As an anode material for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries, the material delivers large reversible capacity and long-term cycle stability even at high current densities. As a lithium-ion battery anode material, it delivers 620 and 225mAh g-1 at 1 and 20Ag-1, respectively, and 380mAh g-1 after 3000 cycles at 5Ag-1. As a sodium-ion battery anode material, it delivers 227 and 133mAh g-1 at 1 and 20Ag-1, respectively, and 144mAh g-1 after 9000 cycles at 5Ag-1. The high rate capability and cycling stability arises from an appropriate balance of graphitization, nanoporosity, and thin-walled interconnected hollow structure. Overall, the performance of the material is exceptional for porous carbon, especially considering its low temperature bulk synthesis method.
- Publication:
-
Journal of Power Sources
- Pub Date:
- September 2018
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.07.038
- Bibcode:
- 2018JPS...398..149S
- Keywords:
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- High rate capability;
- Low temperature synthesis;
- Porous carbon;
- Anode material;
- Li-ion battery;
- Na-ion battery