Clusters of galaxies and a Zwicky's paradox.
Abstract
In 1933 the Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky discovered that the gigantic cluster of galaxies in Coma Berenices constellation has the dynamical mass a few hundred times more than that obtained from a number of observed members of this cluster and its total luminosity. A few years ago such missing "hidden mass" has been called "dark matter". In spite of extensive research into the dynamical processes in clusters of galaxies it is incomprehensible a reason between the total mass found on the galaxy's luminosity in the cluster and those obtained due to the virial theorem (the so called "virial paradox") (Gorbatsky and Kritzuk, 1987). Supernova Cosmology project and the search group High-Z Supernova have shown that Einstein cosmological constant differs from zero and fills the outer space with an invisible "dark energy" the indication mark of which appears as a gravitational repulsion (Green, 2013). Thanks to that there is a possibility to make more precise the dynamical mass of the Coma cluster of galaxies taking into account a cosmological repulsion of vacuum. It turns out to be that this brings to decrease the dynamical mass of the above mentioned cluster no more than 5%. This means that the Einstein cosmological constant does not remove the "virial paradox". Such insignificant influence of "dark energy" on the Coma cluster dynamical mass may be considered as an argument in favour of the existence of "hidden mass" or "dark matter", the discovery of unbarion bearers of which being one of the most actual problems in physics and astronomy.
- Publication:
-
Astronomical and Astrophysical Transactions
- Pub Date:
- 2016
- Bibcode:
- 2016A&AT...29..313S