Breakthrough of SIV strain smE660 challenge in SIV strain mac239-vaccinated rhesus macaques despite potent autologous neutralizing antibody responses
Abstract
It is widely believed that if an HIV vaccine elicits moderate in vitro titers of serum neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against a challenge virus, it will prevent infection. This paradigm is based on studies in which passive transfer of HIV-specific nAbs protected rhesus macaques from mucosal challenge with a chimeric simian/human immunodeficiency virus. However, it is unknown whether this direct relationship can be extrapolated to protection in the setting of active immunization. Our data suggest that the relationship between serum in vitro nAb titers and protection from mucosal SIV challenge is more complex than previously recognized in the setting of active immunization, warranting further studies to understand the balance between immune activation, target cell availability, and protective antibody responses.
- Publication:
-
Proceedings of the National Academy of Science
- Pub Date:
- August 2015
- DOI:
- 10.1073/pnas.1509731112
- Bibcode:
- 2015PNAS..11210780B