Multi-cations doped LiVPO4F cathode for lithium-ion batteries
Abstract
The multi-cations doped LiVPO4F, nominally Li0.97Cr0.01V0.95Al0.01Nb0.02PO4F0.97, is prepared by Chromium (Cr) doping on lithium site and Al-Nb co-doping on vanadium site via a conventional carbothermal reduction (CTR) route. The crystallographic lattice volume, particle size and morphology are not obviously changed comparing with un-doped LiVPO4F. However, the high rate and lifetime cycling performances are noticeably improved although the capacities at very low currents are slightly decreased. The reversible capacity at 1/10 C, 1 C, 2 C and 4 C of the pristine LiVPO4F is 143 mA h g-1, 99 mA h g-1, 86 mA h g-1 and 70 mA h g-1, respectively, while that of the doped counterpart is 138 mA h g-1, 102 mA h g-1, 95 mA h g-1 and 82 mA h g-1, respectively. The capacity retention after 100 galvanostatic cycles at 1.5 C is enhanced from 85.4% to 90.9% by such multi-cations doping. Moreover, the initial coulombic efficiency is significantly increased from 81.8% to 90.3% as well.
- Publication:
-
Functional Materials Letters
- Pub Date:
- May 2015
- DOI:
- 10.1142/S1793604715500605
- Bibcode:
- 2015FML.....850060Z
- Keywords:
-
- Lithium vanadium fluorophosphate;
- doping;
- chromium;
- aluminum;
- niobium;
- energy storage and conversion