On the abundance of circumbinary planets
Abstract
We present here the first observationally based determination of the rate of occurrence of circumbinary planets. This is derived from the publicly available Kepler data, using an automated search algorithm and debiasing process to produce occurrence rates implied by the seven systems already known. These rates depend critically on the planetary inclination distribution: if circumbinary planets are preferentially coplanar with their host binaries, as has been suggested, then the rate of occurrence of planets with Rp > 6R⊕ orbiting with Pp < 300 d is 10.0 ^{+18}_{-6.5} per cent (95 per cent confidence limits), higher than but consistent with single star rates. If on the other hand the underlying planetary inclination distribution is isotropic, then this occurrence rate rises dramatically, to give a lower limit of 47 per cent. This implies that formation and subsequent dynamical evolution in circumbinary discs must either lead to largely coplanar planets, or proceed with significantly greater ease than in circumstellar discs. As a result of this investigation, we also show that giant planets ( > 10R⊕) are significantly less common in circumbinary orbits than their smaller siblings, and confirm that the proposed shortfall of circumbinary planets orbiting the shorter period binaries in the Kepler sample is a real effect.
- Publication:
-
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
- Pub Date:
- October 2014
- DOI:
- 10.1093/mnras/stu1570
- arXiv:
- arXiv:1404.5617
- Bibcode:
- 2014MNRAS.444.1873A
- Keywords:
-
- planets and satellites: detection;
- planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability;
- planets and satellites: formation;
- planets and satellites: general;
- Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
- E-Print:
- Accepted for publication in MNRAS (1st August 2014). 12 pages. Update to match final version, including clarifications and new figures. Results are unchanged