Removal of emerging contaminants by simultaneous application of membrane ultrafiltration, activated carbon adsorption, and ultrasound irradiation
Abstract
Above 99% of the emerging contaminants were removed in the USAMe process. Influence of PAC dose and US frequency on removal is studied. Improved performance is due to PAC adsorption enhancement and sonolytic degradation. US irradiation improved efficiency and delayed declines in the removal of contaminants. Performance of the hybrid process is better under lower frequency ultrasound irradiation.
- Publication:
-
Journal of Hazardous Materials
- Pub Date:
- January 2014
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.11.039
- Bibcode:
- 2014JHzM..264..342S
- Keywords:
-
- Emerging contaminants (amoxicillin;
- carbamazepine;
- diclofenac);
- PAC;
- Sonolysis;
- Oxidation;
- Hybrid membrane process