Coseismic and early postseismic slip of the 2014 South Napa earthquake from ABIC-based modeling of campaign GPS and InSAR data
Abstract
The August 24, 2014 South Napa, CA earthquake caused extensive surface rupture of a ~15 km zone along the western edge of Napa valley, including portions of the previously mapped West Napa fault. In the days following the event, growing offsets in cultural features crossing the main rupture strand indicated the occurrence of significant shallow afterslip. Here we use near-field campaign GPS data and InSAR data that closely bracket the earthquake and its early postseismic period to constrain models of the slip on that fault during and after the event. A joint inverse modeling approach based upon Akaike's Bayesian Information Criterion (ABIC) is used to optimally weight the contributions of each dataset and the smoothing constraint that we apply. Our model inputs are: (i) a GPS dataset, comprising pre-event data collected in campaign mode six weeks before the mainshock and three weeks of post-event data starting 8-36 hours after the mainshock collected in semi-continuous mode, from sites at distances 2-20 km from the rupture; and (ii) quadtree-downsampled InSAR data from both descending and ascending passes of the COSMO-SkyMed satellite constellation (first post-event acquisitions made 3 and 10 days after the mainshock, respectively). The former provide strong control on the timing of fault slip, the latter provide strong spatial constraints on fault location and geometry. Preliminary results indicate that the majority of coseismic slip occurred on a NNW-striking subvertical fault plane whose location is consistent with the mapped main surface rupture strand. The pattern of slip shallows significantly from the hypocenter along-strike to the NNW, peaking at ~1 m of slip at depths of 2-4 km, ~8 km NNW of the hypocenter.
- Publication:
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AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts
- Pub Date:
- December 2014
- Bibcode:
- 2014AGUFM.S33F4905F
- Keywords:
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- 4336 Economic impacts of disasters;
- 7212 Earthquake ground motions and engineering seismology;
- 7215 Earthquake source observations