Scalable Oriented-Service Architecture for Heterogeneous and Ubiquitous IoT Domains

Internet of Things (IoT) grows quickly, and 50 billion of IoT devices will be interconnected by 2020. For the huge number of IoT devices, a high scalable discovery architecture is required to provide autonomous registration and look-up of IoT resources and services. The architecture should enable dynamic updates when new IoT devices are incorporated into Internet, and changes are made to the existing ones. Nowadays in Internet, the most used discovery architecture is the Domain Name System (DNS). DNS offers a scalable solution through two distributed mechanisms: multicast DNS (mDNS) and DNS Service Directory (DNS-SD). Both mechanisms have been applied to discover resources and services in local IoT domains. However, a full architecture has not still been designed to support global discovery, local directories and a search engine for ubiquitous IoT domains. Moreover, the architecture should provide other transversal functionalities such as a common semantic for describing services and resources, and a service layer for interconnecting with M2M platforms and mobile clients. This paper presents an oriented-service architecture based on DNS to support a global discovery, local directories and a distributed search engine to enable a scalable looking-up of IoT resources and services. The architecture provides two lightweight discovery mechanisms based on mDNS and DNS-SD that have been optimized for the constraints of IoT devices to allow autonomous registration. Moreover, we analyse and provide other relevant elements such semantic description and communications interfaces to support the heterogeneity of IoT devices and clients. All these elements contribute to build a scalable architecture for the discovery and access of heterogeneous and ubiquitous IoT domains.