The Moon Mineralogy Mapper Imaging Spectrometer: Instrument Description, Calibration, and On-Orbit Validation of the Spectral, Radiometric, Spatial and Uniformity Characteristics (Invited)
Abstract
The Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3), a high uniformity and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) imaging spectrometer built by Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) , is a guest instrument on the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) Chandrayaan-1 Mission to the Moon. M3 measures the spectral range from 430 to 3000 nm at 10 nm sampling. The instrument has a 24 degree spatial field-of-view and 0.7 milliradian sampling that provides a 40 km cross-track image swath and 70 m sampling from the nominal 100 km orbital altitude. The signal-to-noise ratio performance is > 400:1 for a lunar equatorial reference radiance and >100:1 for a polar reference radiance. A critical science measurement requirement for this type of instrument is spectral cross-track uniformity and spectral instantaneous-field-of-view uniformity. In both cases the uniformity of M3 is >90 %. M3 collects data in full resolution "Target" mode and reduced resolution "Global" mode with 2x2 reduced spatial sampling and reduced spectral sampling by an average 3x aggregation of spectral channels on-board the instrument. Chandrayaan-1 was launched on the 22nd of October 2008 from India’s launch site in Sriharikota. The first M3 imaging spectrometer data sets were acquired on the 18th and 19th of November 2008. We present a description of the M3 instrument that meets the above science measurement requirements with a mass of 8.3 kg, average power consumption of 16W, and volume for the optical assembly of 25x18x12 cm. Laboratory calibration measurements and analyses to establish the spectral, radiometric, spatial, and uniformity characteristics are presented as well as on-orbit validation results. To date, M3 measurements cover a high fraction of the lunar surface. Clear understanding of the M3 instrument, the calibration, and validation of the measurement characteristics are required to pursue the scientific objectives with measurements from this high uniformity and high SNR imaging spectrometer.
- Publication:
-
AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts
- Pub Date:
- December 2009
- Bibcode:
- 2009AGUFM.P23B1246G
- Keywords:
-
- 5494 PLANETARY SCIENCES: SOLID SURFACE PLANETS / Instruments and techniques;
- 6250 PLANETARY SCIENCES: SOLAR SYSTEM OBJECTS / Moon