The historical effects of coal mining on the hydrology of Appalachia
Abstract
The Appalachian Mountains, a region known for its rich coal deposits, is also the headwaters to most important river systems draining to the Atlantic Ocean. Coal mined from the Appalachian’s was fundamental to the industrialization of the United States during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Deforestation and waste disposal associated with deep mining were common throughout the region. Anecdotal evidence suggests that historic coal mining had a significant influence on the region’s hydrology. There is a growing body of literature examining the effects of contemporary mining activity on hydrologic systems, but few studies have quantified historic impacts. This study examines the extent of coal mining activity in Appalachia during the first era of increased coal production (1865 - 1929). Areas within the region most affected by mining activity were identified using dates of published mine maps and coal production data for the region. Intensively mined areas were paired with relatively unaffected stream basins to address the influence of mining on hydrology, and particularly legacy effects. This study will inform future studies exploring common mine-related environmental issues in Appalachia such as acid mine drainage and subsidence.
- Publication:
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AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts
- Pub Date:
- December 2009
- Bibcode:
- 2009AGUFM.H53H..02R
- Keywords:
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- 1834 HYDROLOGY / Human impacts