The Observation and Analysis of Stellar Photospheres

1. Background; 2. Fourier transforms; 3. Spectroscopic tools; 4. Light detectors; 5. Radiation terms and definitions; 6. The black body and its radiation; 7. Radiative and convective energy transport; 8. The continuous absorption coefficient; 9. The model photosphere; 10. The measurement of stellar continua; 11. The line absorption coefficient; 12. The measurement of spectral lines; 13. The behavior of spectral lines; 14. The measurement of stellar radii and temperatures; 15. The measurement of photospheric pressure; 16. Chemical analysis; 17. Velocity fields in stellar photospheres; 18. Stellar rotation.