Limiting nature of continuum generation in silicon

Spectral broadening in silicon through self-phase modulation is studied numerically and experimentally in the normal dispersion regime. Temporal dynamics of the free carriers generated during the propagation of optical pulses, through the process of two-photon absorption, affect the amplitude and phase of the optical pulses, thereby determining the nature and extent of the generated spectral continuum. Experimental results are obtained by propagating picosecond optical pulses in a silicon waveguide for intensities that span two orders of magnitude (1-150GW/cm²). These results validate the conclusions drawn from numerical simulations that the continuum generation has a self-limiting nature in silicon.