Pre-eruptive conditions of the ~31 ka rhyolitic magma of Tlaloc volcano, Sierra Nevada Volcanic Range, Central Mexico
Abstract
Tlaloc volcano is located at the northern tip of the Sierra Nevada Volcanic Range in Central Mexico. This Pleistocene to Recent volcanic range consists from north to south of Tlaloc-Telapón-Teyotl-Iztaccíhuatl-and- Popocatépetl volcanoes. While andesitic to barely dacitic volcanism dominates the southern part of the range (i.e. Popocatépetl and Iztaccíhuatl); dacitic and rare rhyolithic volcanism (i.e. Telapón, Tlaloc) dominates the northern end. The known locus of rhyolitic magmatism took place at Tlaloc volcano with a Plinian-Subplinian eruption that occurred 31 ka ago. The eruption emplaced the so-called multilayered fallout and pumiceous pyroclastic flows (~2 km3 DRE). The deposit consists of 95% vol. of juvenile particles (pumice + crystals) and minor altered lithics 5% vol. The mineral association of the pumice fragments (74-76 % wt. SiO2) consists of quartz + plagioclase + sanidine + biotite and rare oxides set in a glassy groundmass with voids. Melt inclusions in quartz phenocrysts suggest that prior to the eruption the rhyolitic contain ~7% of H2O and <110 ppm of CO 2, suggesting pressure conditions around ~2500 bars and therefore depths ~8 km below the volcano. Such depths suggest that inception of rhyolitic magmatism at Tlaloc volcano halted at deeper conditions than andesitic to dacitic eruptions of Popocatépetl volcano (~6 km) in the southern part of the Sierra Nevada Volcanic Range and than Nevado de Toluca volcano (~6 km) some 50 km to the southwest.
- Publication:
-
AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts
- Pub Date:
- December 2008
- Bibcode:
- 2008AGUFM.V33D2248M
- Keywords:
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- 1036 Magma chamber processes (3618);
- 3620 Mineral and crystal chemistry (1042);
- 8412 Reactions and phase equilibria (1012;
- 3612);
- 8425 Effusive volcanism;
- 8428 Explosive volcanism