Autism spectrum disorder

Autism is a developmental disorder diagnosed on the basis of early-emerging social and communication impairments and rigid and repetitive patterns of behaviour and interests. The manifestation of these varies greatly with age and ability, and the notion of an autism spectrum has been introduced to recognise this diversity. We begin our discussion of research on the nature and causes of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) with a single case history that illustrates the range of symptoms seen in this disorder.