The influence of rotation in radiation driven winds from hot stars. II. CAK topological analysis
Abstract
The topological analysis from Bjorkman (\cite{Bjorkman95}) for the standard model that describes the winds from hot stars by Castor et al. (\cite{Castor75}) has been extended to include the effect of stellar rotation and changes in the ionization of the wind. The differential equation for the momentum of the wind is non-linear and transcendental for the velocity gradient. Due to this non-linearity the number of solutions that this equation possess is not known. After a change of variables and the introduction of a new physically meaningless independent variable, we manage to replace the non-linear momentum differential equation by a system of differential equations where all the derivatives are explicitely given. We then use this system of equations to study the topology of the rotating-CAK model. For the particular case when the wind is frozen in ionization (δ=0) only one physical solution is found, the standard CAK solution, with a X-type singular point. For the more general case (δ ≠q 0), besides the standard CAK singular point, we find a second singular point which is focal-type (or attractor). We find also, that the wind does not adopt the maximal mass-loss rate but almost the minimal.
- Publication:
-
Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Pub Date:
- December 2004
- DOI:
- arXiv:
- arXiv:astro-ph/0408511
- Bibcode:
- 2004A&A...428..545C
- Keywords:
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- hydrodynamics;
- methods: analytical;
- stars: early-type;
- stars: mass-loss;
- stars: rotation;
- stars: winds;
- outflows;
- Astrophysics
- E-Print:
- 11 pages, Astronomy and Astrophysics Accepted