Origin and Acceleration of the Universe without Singularities and Dark Energy
Abstract
In the latest version of Einstein's general relativistic theory, gravitational waves have no gravitational mass. After 1919 Einstein deleted the gravitational energy pseudo-tensor from his equations ("The Meaning of Relativity", 1953, 4th Edition, Princeton, p.133). For an observer falling in a black hole, density fluctuations increase during collapse due to gravitational instability which create a gas of smaller black holes (Banks & Fischler, Black Crunch, hep-th/0212113). Gravitational radiation is a strong function of radius: 1/r5. For a co-moving observer, all surrounding matter must be converted into radiation during collapse. In a Universe described by 1022 (or 273) black hole pair mergers, 99.999992% (or 1.0-0.873) of gravitational mass can be lost after a sequence of 73 mergers- assuming that 20% of mass in each merger is transformed into gravitational radiation. We conclude: 1. Infalling matter cannot reach singularities: gravitationally unstable matter will be converted into gravitational radiation as it approaches. 2. Inner observers will escape from any black holes: when emission of gravitational radiation inside the BH exceeds dE/dt>c5/(2G), the Schwarzschild radius Rs=2GE/c4 contracts faster than the observer's descent rate (dRs/dt>c). 3. After the Big Crunch, the Universe is a dense cloud of gravitational waves in a flat space. 4. The Big Bang is an expansion of a cloud of gravitational radiation in a flat space after the Big Crunch, and the creation of matter is due to quantum polarization of the vacuum. 5. Fast dissipation of gravitational mass of the Universe during the Big Crunch: m=exp(-to/T) with a retarded potential to=t-R/c produces the powerful repulsive gravitational force a=(Gm/R)' = -Gm/R2 + Gm/(RcT) for distance cT < R < ct. This provides a repulsive force response for the inflation period after the Big Bang and for the current acceleration of the Universe without any unknown fields and dark energy.
- Publication:
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American Astronomical Society Meeting Abstracts #202
- Pub Date:
- May 2003
- Bibcode:
- 2003AAS...202.3102G