Space weather effects on technologies

In the last about 150 years, the variety of human technologies that are embedded in space-affected environments have vastly increased. This paper presents some of the history of the subject of "space weather", beginning with early electric telegraph systems and continuing to today. An overview is presented of the present-day technologies that can be affected by solar-terrestrial phenomena such as galactic cosmic rays, solar-produced plasmas, and geomagnetic disturbances in the Earth's magnetosphere.