An introduction to frequency standards.
Abstract
Quartz oscillators, and rubidium, cesium, and hydrogen atomic frequency standards are described in terms of the physics of operation. Sources of frequency instability and inaccuracy are given. This review is intended as an introduction to the practical aspects of these high performance frequency standards.
- Publication:
-
IEEE Proceedings
- Pub Date:
- July 1991
- Bibcode:
- 1991IEEEP..79..927L
- Keywords:
-
- Atomic Clocks;
- Crystal Oscillators;
- Frequency Stability;
- Standards;
- Time Measurement;
- Cesium;
- Hydrogen Masers;
- Rubidium;
- Instrumentation and Photography;
- Frequency Standards