New methods of confinement and heating of plasma in magnetic fields

In this work two new schemes of plasma magnetic trapping are proposed: Tandem Mirror and Toroidally Linked Mirrors. Calculation and analysis of plasma confinement were performed and a problem of stochastical diffusion losses were experimentally studied. This has shown that Tandem Mirror Trap does not have a classical energy gain limitation of the usual magnetic mirror and can eventually reach an ignition (Q = infinity). In the Toroidally Linked Mirrors the radial losses can be substantially reduced by using ICRF power and by localizing of the curvature region in high-magnetic field sections. Concerning the heating, an experimental and theoretical research was performed on negative hydrogen ion production mechanism for charge exchange plasma fueling and heating. Mechanism of secondary ion emission from metal surfaces was explained and experiment on hydrogen dynamics on the cathode surface have been carried out.