Production, application of piezoelectric ceramics described

Besides ceramics, piezoelectric materials include single crystals such as quartz, thin film such as zinc oxide, and high polymers such as polyvinylidene fluoride. Among these, lead zirconium titanate and other piezoelectric ceramics, as well as quartz, are most often used. This is because piezoelectric ceramics have the following characteristics: (1) can be moded into the desired size and form; (2) excellent in mass productivity and low in cost; (3) have large k, electric mechanical coupling constant, making it possible to control mechanical Q (Qm) and epsilon; and (4) have good temperature property and chronological stability. The production method and various applications of piezoelectric ceramics are outlined.