Don't let ducting clutter system specs. II
Abstract
Anomalous refraction of microwaves is discussed to calculate atmospheric refractivity and predict what types of anomalous propagation to expect. Plots are given for: refractivity vs. temperature and humidity; vertical profiles of refractivity and modified refractivity (illustrating the three basic types of anomalous propagation); ray-trace techniques; surface-duct trapping frequencies; one-way trapping loss; propagation loss for an elevated duct; and simulated clutter returns at 1 GHz. It is suggested that a new appreciation for the existence of anomalous propagation will lead to appropriate on-site meteorological measurements as an integral part of design and installation procedures.
- Publication:
-
Microwaves
- Pub Date:
- June 1985
- Bibcode:
- 1985MicWa..24..103K
- Keywords:
-
- Atmospheric Refraction;
- Clutter;
- Microwave Attenuation;
- Radio Wave Refraction;
- Ray Tracing;
- Antenna Radiation Patterns;
- Atmospheric Pressure;
- Atmospheric Temperature;
- Bit Error Rate;
- Water Vapor;
- Communications and Radar