The numerical simulation of the turbulent boundary layers at a rough, air-water interface

Coupled gas-liquid boundary-layer problems have direct engineering relevance to the design and operation of industrial process equipment and are important in meteorological and geophysical applications requiring knowledge about the transport processes at the air-ocean interface. The boundary-layer equations of heat, mass, and momentum in turbulent flow above and below an air-water interface roughened by wind-waves are solved numerically using the efficient and versatile Keller Box scheme and compared with experimental data acquired in a laboratory research facility.