Mm-wave radar and radiometer sensors for guidance systems

The development of millimeter-wave radar and radiometer sensor hardware to be used in a wide range of weapons, including air-to-ground and ground-to-ground missiles and freefall bombs, is discussed. The key elements for the application of millimeter waves to guidance systems include radar and radiometric sensors operating in the frequency range of 30 to 300 GHz. The characteristics of three window frequencies of 35, 94, and 140 GHz are given, which encompass wavelength, rain attenuation, fog attenuation, and IMPATT transmitter peak pulse power. The advantages of using millimeter-wave systems are discussed, including operating capabilities in technical environments, small physical size, narrow antenna beamwidths and state-of-the-art design.