Fluid dynamic aspects of liquid-metal gas two-phase magnetohydrodynamic power generators

An MHD system employing a liquid metal/gas two-phase MHD (LMMHD) generator is discussed as a promising alternative to conventional means of electrical power generation. The basic LMMHD thermodynamic cycle is described, along with the formulation of underlying principles and governing equations. The fundamental fluid dynamic problems related to two-phase velocity slip losses, ohmic losses, and friction and boundary layer shunt losses are examined in conjunction with pertinent experimental results with the eutectoid alloy NaK used as the liquid metal. Means of achieving several research goals are suggested. Advantages of the two-phase flow LMMHD generator include extreme design simplicity, reliability, potentially high isentropic and cycle efficiency, high power density, and the possibility of operation at moderately elevated temperatures where material technology is already available.