Research on earth-to-space propagation of frequencies above 10 GHz

The importance of using frequencies above 10 GHz in satellite communication systems arises partly from the saturation of the bands presently in use. In addition, above 10 GHz, frequency bands have been specifically assigned to satellite communication systems, allowing earth stations to be located more freely, particularly near or within the cities. Directive multibeam antennas are also more easily realizable on board the satellites. These advantages are of particular relevance for domestic satellites. On the other hand, the propagation of such frequencies is mainly affected by rain attenuation.