Nonlinear waves in a multi-ion plasma with Kappa described electrons

We have investigated the existence of nonlinear waves like solitary waves and shock waves in a multi-ion cometary plasma composed of positively and negatively charged heavier ions, positively charged lighter ions and hotter and colder electrons. Both the electrons are modelled by Kappa distribution functions. The reductive perturbation technique is used to derive the famous KdV and KdVB equations. The solutions of the nonlinear equations are plotted for different physical parameters relevant to comet Halley. From the plots it is found that, different physical parameters have profound influence on the nonlinear waves like solitary waves and shock waves.