New Human Anatomical Model For Crew Radiation Analysis
Abstract
The ionizing radiation environment in space pretenses substantial risks to human exploration. It consists primarily of 3 components, Solar Particles Events (SPE), Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR), and Van Allen Belts (trapped protons) that differ in elemental compositions, energy spectra, and intensities. The extravehicular environment is then modulated by interaction with the shielding provided by the spacecraft design, and the body self-shielding provided differentially to internal organs and tissues. The Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle (MPCV) is NASA's deep space exploration spacecraft developed for exploration of the solar system. Orion is designed by an industry team lead by Lockheed Martin as the prime contractor. Spacecraft shielding is quantified analytically using Computer Aided Design (CAD) tools to great details. However, NASA is using the Computerized Anatomical Male (CAM) model to quantify the body self-shielding to internal organs and tissues, which is dated back to the 70s and cannot be verified by the modern CAD tools. For this reason, a highly detailed, radiation-specific model, representing the most anatomically correct geometric of the human body, has been developed by Lockheed Martin Space to be used in analyzing radiation dose distribution for human. The model was derived from the BodyParts3D database. BodyParts3D is a three-dimensional anatomical structure database for body segments representing the whole-body model for an adult human. The model contains 2234 unique geometric surfaces with no solid regions. A program was developed to convert surface models to solid representation with no loss in geometric quality. The models were then divided into 25 assemblies by organ levels, and organ points were uniformly distributed inside each organ. Multiple analyses were performed with the model. Analyses included tracing rays in CAD through the body geometry, converting results from ray-tracing information to areal density distributions, and creating cross-sectional views. This presentation will discuss the radiation exposure to trapped protons, solar particle events (SPE), and galactic cosmic rays (GCR) at each organ dose point in the body by combining space radiation transport models with the detailed body-shielding mass of BodyParts3D and CAM, respectively, and calculating the dose equivalent to organs and the effective dose per NCRP-132 weighting factors."The model was derived from the BodyParts3D database.""BodyParts3D, The Database Center for Life Science licensed under CC Attribution-Share Alike 2.1 Japan."
- Publication:
-
42nd COSPAR Scientific Assembly
- Pub Date:
- July 2018
- Bibcode:
- 2018cosp...42E1522H