Crustal deformation associated with the 2018 eruption of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, revealed by ALOS-2/PALSAR-2
Abstract
Since May 3, 2018, Kilauea Volcano in Big Island, Hawaii, has been erupting, causing many fissures in Leilani Estates. There was also a large earthquake occurred in south flank. The eruption and earthquake caused serious damage to life and property in eastern part of Big Island. Requested from International Disaster Charter, we have performed emergency observation by ALOS-2/PALSAR-2.
To examine surface deformation due to the eruption and the earthquake, we performed InSAR, Multiple Aperture Interferometry, Offset tracking, and intensity analysis using a series of ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 data. PALSAR-2 has been utilized for disaster monitoring, environmental monitoring, and many other fields of applications with the advantages of SAR such as all-weather and day-and-night observation capability. Especially, PALSAR-2 uses L-band microwave, which has great advantage of high penetration and interferometric coherence over vegetation area. The interferograms derived from Stripmap and ScanSAR images have high coherence over the entire observation area, and it reveals large surface deformation. We found that the major crustal deformation areas are in Leilani Estates, East rift zone, and Kilauea Caldera. The first interferogram using Stripmap images showed dyke-opening deformation more than 1m over the Leilani Estates. Moreover, we created a map of lava flow and fissures in Leilani Estates using both HH and HV polarimetric images. This image tells us that the distribution of lava flow in Leilani Estates, and that the ocean entry of lava has continued so far, which has expanded the Land in eastern side of Big Island. The second interferogram derived from ScanSAR images has told us that the surrounding of Kilauea Caldera has significantly subsided due to the decrease of the lava level. Moreover, some Spotlight images captured the detailed collapse of Halemaumau Crater in Kilauea Caldera.- Publication:
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AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts
- Pub Date:
- December 2018
- Bibcode:
- 2018AGUFM.V43J0265A
- Keywords:
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- 8499 General or miscellaneous;
- VOLCANOLOGY