Benchmark Test of Differential Emission Measure Codes and Multi-thermal Energies in Solar Active Regions
Abstract
We compare the ability of 11 differential emission measure (DEM) forward-fitting and inversion methods to constrain the properties of active regions and solar flares by simulating synthetic data using the instrumental response functions of the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (SDO/AIA) and EUV Variability Experiment (SDO/EVE), the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI), and the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite/X-ray Sensor (GOES/XRS). The codes include the single-Gaussian DEM, a bi-Gaussian DEM, a fixed-Gaussian DEM, a linear spline DEM, the spatial-synthesis DEM, the Monte-Carlo Markov Chain DEM, the regularized DEM inversion, the Hinode/X-Ray Telescope (XRT) method, a polynomial spline DEM, an EVE+GOES, and an EVE+RHESSI method. Averaging the results from all 11 DEM methods, we find the following accuracies in the inversion of physical parameters: the EM-weighted temperature Twfit/Twsim=0.9 ±0.1 , the peak emission measure EMpfit/EMpsim=0.6 ±0.2 , the total emission measure EMtfit/EMtsim=0.8 ±0.3 , and the multi-thermal energies Ethfit/EMthapprox=1.2 ±0.4 . We find that the AIA spatial-synthesis, the EVE+GOES, and the EVE+RHESSI method yield the most accurate results.
- Publication:
-
Solar Physics
- Pub Date:
- October 2015
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s11207-015-0790-0
- arXiv:
- arXiv:1509.07546
- Bibcode:
- 2015SoPh..290.2733A
- Keywords:
-
- Sun: corona;
- Thermal analysis;
- Differential emission measure analysis;
- Methods;
- Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
- E-Print:
- 33 pages, 10 figures, Solar Physics (in press)