Kinematics of Molecular Hydrogen Emission from Planetary and Pre-planetary Nebulae

We report results from a program of high-resolution spectral mapping of rotational H₂ emission from bipolar planetary and pre-planetary nebulae. Long-slit spectra obtained with the NOAO Phoenix near-infrared spectrometer allow us to probe the molecular kinematics of these nebulae at moderate spatial resolution. We find strong evidence of a component of rotation in the equatorial H₂ emission from the Egg nebula (RAFGL 2688). In this nebula and in the pre-planetary nebula RAFGL 618, the H₂ kinematics point to the recent emergence of high-velocity polar flows, which likely mark the fairly sudden terminations of the red giant phases of their central stars. The classical bipolar planetary NGC 2346 displays distinct kinematic components, which we interpret as arising in the morphologically distinct equatorial and polar regions of the nebula. The H₂ rings observed in the Phoenix position-velocity maps of this nebula support the hypothesis that ring-like planetaries that display H₂ emission possess bipolar structure.