The calculation of theoretical chromospheric models and the interpretation of solar spectra from rockets and spacecraft
Abstract
Calculated results based on two chromospheric flare models F1 and F2 of Machado, et al., (1980) are presented. Two additional models are included: F1*, which has enhanced temperatures relative to the weak-flare model F1 in the upper photosphere and low chromosphere, and F3 which has enhanced temperatures relative to the strong flare model F2 in the upper chromosphere. Each model is specified by means of a given variation of the temperature as a function of column mass. The corresponding variation of particle density and the geometrical height scale are determined by assuming hydrostatic equilibrium. The coupled equations of statistical equilibrium is solved as is radiative transfer for H, H-, He I-II, C I-IV, Si I-II, Mg I-II, Fe, Al, O I-II, Na, and Ca II. The overall absorption and emission of radiation by lines throughout the spectrum is determined by means of a reduced set of opacities sampled from a compilation of over 10 to the 7th power individual lines. That the white flight flare continuum may arise by extreme chromospheric overheating as well as by an enhancement of the minimum temperature region is also shown. The radiative cooling rate calculations for our brightest flare model suggest that chromospheric overheating provides enhanced radiation that could cause significant heating deep in the flare atmosphere.
- Publication:
-
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Report
- Pub Date:
- February 1986
- Bibcode:
- 1986sao..rept.....A
- Keywords:
-
- Chromosphere;
- Mathematical Models;
- Semiempirical Equations;
- Solar Flares;
- Emission Spectra;
- Hydrogen;
- Lyman Spectra;
- Solar Spectra;
- Stellar Radiation;
- Geophysics