Velocity distribution and wall shear stress in periodic flows in circular tubes

A survey is presented of the literature on the oscillating laminar flow of an incompressible fluid in a rigid circular tube. Velocity distributions are plotted for single cosine pressure oscillations at different phase angles. Attention is then given to velocity distributions in oscillating turbulent flows in rigid tubes. Consideration is given to laminar-to-turbulent transition and to energy losses associated with wall shear stress. A comprehensive bibliography is included.