Formation of coronae topography and fractures via plume buoyancy and melting

2-D model of corona formation on Venus. Corona topography is generated by buoyant magmatic intrusions in or below the lithosphere. Corona topography spreads laterally and grows vertically as melt spreads and accumulates. Corona rim topography is generally created in 10⁵ to 10⁶ year timescales. Corona rim topography not created in earth-like model due to increased viscosities from cooler temperatures.