GJ 9404 b: A Confirmed Eccentric Planet, and not a Candidate

Eccentric orbits can be decomposed into a series of sine curves which affects how the false alarm probability is computed when using traditional periodograms on radial-velocity data. Here we show that a candidate exoplanet orbiting the M dwarf GJ 9404, identified by the HADES survey using data from the HARPS-N spectrograph, is in fact a bona fide planet on a highly eccentric orbit. Far from a candidate, GJ 9404b is detected with a high confidence. We reach our conclusion using two methods that assume Keplerian functions rather than sines to compute a detection probability, a Bayes Factor, and the false-inclusion probability periodogram. We compute these using nested sampling with kima.