The effect of afforestation and green roofs techniques on thermal reduction in Duhok city

Due to Duhok city's suffering from high temperatures compared to the surrounding areas, this case study endeavors to find out solutions based on green technologies so as to restore the thermal balance of the city center and make it more suitable for living. Forestation techniques have been applied to the road sidewalks and the green roofs on the city buildings' roofs, since tree shading is thought to provide better humidity and reduce temperatures compared to the building shades, umbrellas and artificial structure. Additionally, there have been tests conducted on several models of the city main roads taking into account the shaded sidewalks and the buildings green roofs, and compared them to both cultivated and uncultivated land gardens. It has been found out that the technology of forestation and green roofs can bring about thermal reduction of at least 6 C^o and increase the relative humidity by at least 10% compared to shaded sidewalks by buildings and umbrellas in the same area. On this basis, this researched technology is expected to reduce the temperature of Duhok city, purify its weather from pollution, and restore the thermal balance of the cities and urban centers.