An Empirical Representation of a Physical Model for the ISM [C II], CO, and [C I] Emission at Redshift 1 ≤ z ≤ 9
Abstract
Submillimeter emission lines produced by the interstellar medium (ISM) are strong tracers of star formation and are some of the main targets of line intensity mapping (LIM) surveys. In this work we present an empirical multiline emission model that simultaneously covers the mean, scatter, and correlations of [C II], CO J = 1-0 to J = 5-4, and [C I] lines in the redshift range 1 ≤ z ≤ 9. We assume that the galaxy ISM line emission luminosity versus halo mass relations can be described by double power laws with redshift-dependent lognormal scatter. The model parameters are then derived by fitting to the state-of-the-art semianalytic simulation results that have successfully reproduced multiple submillimeter line observations at 0 ≤ z ≲ 6. We cross-check the line emission statistics predicted by the semianalytic simulation and our empirical model, finding that at z ≥ 1 our model reproduces the simulated line intensities with fractional error less than about 10%. The fractional difference is less than 25% for the power spectra. Grounded on physically motivated and self-consistent galaxy simulations, this computationally efficient model will be helpful in forecasting ISM emission-line statistics for upcoming LIM surveys.
- Publication:
-
The Astrophysical Journal
- Pub Date:
- April 2022
- DOI:
- 10.3847/1538-4357/ac5d57
- arXiv:
- arXiv:2108.07716
- Bibcode:
- 2022ApJ...929..140Y
- Keywords:
-
- Intergalactic medium;
- Diffuse radiation;
- Large-scale structure of the universe;
- 813;
- 383;
- 902;
- Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
- E-Print:
- 16 pages, 10 figures. Correct a typo in Eq 12. Add Figure 7