The geometry of the position of the sun and the moon when rukyatul hilal

The science of spherical triangles or geometry can determine the position of celestial bodies. The position of the moon and the sun is needed to determine the beginning of the new moon in the Hijri calendar. The activity of seeing the position of the sun and the moon to determine the beginning of the new Hijri month is called rukyat. A good and scientifically justifiable rukyat certainly requires a science, one of which is the science of spherical triangles or geometry. The geometry of the position of the sun and the moon is needed during rukyat to find out the position of these celestial bodies and their position to other celestial bodies. The position of celestial bodies when rukyat is related to the celestial sphere, which can be seen from the horizon circle, ecliptic, or equator. The main function of the geometry of the position of the sun and the moon during rukyatul hilal is to facilitate the rukyat process when determining the beginning of the new Hijri month and can be scientifically justified.