Interhemispheric Observations of High Latitude ULF Waves Under Various Solar Wind Conditions

We report on observations of ULF waves and ionospheric convection patterns using a ground instrument network established at high-latitude, geomagnetically conjugate locations in both hemispheres. The interaction between the solar wind and the magnetosphere induces a variety of geospace responses including electric currents and geomagnetic pulsations. Single-hemispheric observations, however, do not provide sufficient information on solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling processes and energy transport to the geospace system. To address this issue, our study focuses primarily on the interhemispheric asymmetry of geomagnetic pulsations using the extensive ground network located in the Arctic and Antarctic. A statistical survey has been conducted to present ULF wave occurrences and their spectral characteristics at conjugate locations under various solar wind conditions to examine how the interhemispheric observations of ULF waves and associated ionospheric convection are linked to solar wind-magnetosphere interaction processes. We investigate possible external drivers that affect asymmetries (e.g., IMF orientation, solar irradiance, geomagnetic activity, ionospheric conductivity, etc.).